Water activity (aw) is a measurement of the energy status of the water in a system. The value indicates how tightly water is “bound,” structurally or chemically, within a substance. Water activity is the relative humidity of air in equilibrium with a sample in a sealed chamber. The concept of water activity is of particular importance in determining product quality and safety. Water activity influences color, odor, flavor, texture and shelf-life of many products. It predicts safety and stability with respect to microbial growth, chemical and biochemical reaction rates, and physical properties.
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